CHAPTER 13: COLOR

In this chapter we will explore the Theory of Color,
an how color show emphasis of certain value within artwork.
To understand color, is to understand color is a visual of Light
being shaded in different aspects, as seeing Sunlight thru a prism.
Color from light collide together for a new visual for which is called the  (A)
Additive System. Then there are pigments collide to call the (B) Subtractive System.

EX: A Additive Color. Digital image. D.umn.edu. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.d.umn.edu/~mharvey/colorwheel.jpg>.

EX: B Subtractive Color System. Digital image. Catspitproductionsllc.com. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.catspitproductionsllc.com/Documents/Color Wheel Finished Website.jpg>.

Also in (B) u can see what are the primary colors. In (C) you able to see the concept of
what Color Constancy implies. Which with light, shows the different shades of colors
an how some colors give off a different view placed against the background of another color.

EX: C Color Constancy. Digital image. Modelmayhem.com. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.kevinconnery.com/imaging/samples/color_constancy_neutral.gif>.

Here's a view in (D) of the Color Spectrum, an Hues on the color blending showing creation
thru there connections.

EX: D Color Spectrum. Digital image. Colortools.net. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.colortools.net/img25/spectrum_chart.jpg>.

EX: E Color Value. Digital image. Quiltspluscolor.blogspot.com. N.p., n.d. Web. <https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpgsJk0wboNxjxivxafFqmWRSY-x6BtYPVT0ILTw7iU_27cajhnyaQ3Ju_uVIBfko24z66MIdVEKexbSfhQmaX7JQFA5oP32cvPGKWaV_-7zXVxjJyT1iiOmmCfAREobU6f3_xh06kcupj/s400/valuescalebright.jpg>.

In (E) above, you can see the COLOR VALUE Chart of how the shades of each color
produce a tint an thus altering the original color. Giving it contrast from one to the next.
In (F), that example shows the Intensity of color, or better known as Chroma.
Where u can add black or white to a color, an thus giving its value change.
Implicates a different mood or intensity to thee effect it gives off.

EX: F Color Intensity. Digital image. Cvl.isy.liu.se. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.cvl.isy.liu.se/research/ima/demo_flux.png/image_preview>.

With in a Color Palette, The colors are blending like on a digital wheel. (G)

EX: G Color Palette. Digital image. Help.suddenlink.com. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://help.suddenlink.com/Internet/PublishingImages/Webmail/color-palette-1.png>.

In the next display below (H), it shows an painting done with a technique called Pointillism.
I chose this particular painting because I remember it from a grade school field trip to the
Chicago Art Museum. An I can recall starring at this painting for a long time, even after my class
have moved on to the next. Because the style an color technique simply amazed me.
Since before that painting, I only new drawing to be By Line design, Gesture an Contour.
With this Color-Dot painting, from far away You see a complete beautiful work of Art.
An Up-Close u see a series arrangement of Color Dots.

EX: H Seurat., Georges. Sunday Afternoon on the Island of the Grand-Jattes Seurat. Digital image. Matricism.com. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.matricism.com/__articles/images/47.jpg>.

EX: I SUn DOWN. Digital image. Warmproducts.info. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://warmproducts.info/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/1434300312367_3764.jpg>.

Within Example (I) above, is a display of Cool&Warm Colors, which has been
perfectly produced into a masterpiece by natures artistic ways.
With Color Dominance, Its used in a lot of Photo designs to emphasis more on the
message being displayed. Or in advertising, they market the product that is being presented
to come across an stick out. Thus making it a focus to gather in ya mind an remember
thru its unique display. AS seen in (J) an example of a design using this technique.

EX: J Color Dominance. Digital image. Washingtonpost.com. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.washingtonpost.com/rf/image_606w/2010-2019/WashingtonPost/2012/05/22/Production/WashingtonPost/Images/510953383.jpg>.

Now with the technique of Monochromatic, which is basically One color scheme
used in various ways, thru its value an intensity to express the desired effect with in a artwork, or design. As u can see in (K), this portrait of a wise men an his followers, is done in a more dark blue hue, with various value implied to contrast an put more emphasis on the overall mood of the artwork.

EX: K Wise Mans Journey. Digital image. Imagekind.com. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://thumbs.imagekind.com/member/465799c0-2663-4b56-b25d-fd418b4f9119/uploadedartwork/650X650/a0a12d20-f0b6-41b0-8480-1cf312901c03.jpg>.

In the Next few Displayed pictures which will show my examples of

Analogous, Tonality,Complementary,Triadic.

Analogous Asian Night. Digital image. Linesandcolors.com. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.linesandcolors.com/images/2006-08/antonenko_450.jpg>.

Complementary. Digital image. Artshow.com. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.artshow.com/interviews/DianeJohnson/orig_pic_for_demo.jpg>.

Triadic. Digital image. Www3.dmps.k12.ia.us. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www3.dmps.k12.ia.us/north/nhsvisualarts/images/color/colorwhjtr.gif>.

Chapter 12: VALUE

In this chapter we discuss the properties of VALUE,
which is basically showing the light an dark of a design.
The contrast of a design displayed thru a black an white creating a value contrast
setting mashing together creating gray tones or, Achromatic grays.
As seen in (A), the digital design is rendered in this form of gray tones,
giving it Value

EX: A Achromatic Scheme. Digital image. Non-solo-arte.com. Web. <http://www.non-solo-arte.com/image-files/achromatic.jpg>.

EX: B Close, Chuck. Grid Drawing. Digital image. Princetonol.com. Web. <http://www.princetonol.com/groups/iad/lessons/middle/images/larryvalue1.jpg>.

In the process of value patterns, we speak of the way its blends with the balance of light&dark.
to construct a artistic portrait as the Example B. Using Value Emphasis with in a design,
by illustrating a portrait or design piece by using the value of color, also establishing a dark&light background to emphasis on the main focal point of the piece. Such as shown in (C), how the shadows
are used contrasting the color of the main figures, giving u the focal point on positioning of the candle.
Where the man an girl features are lite against the dark background.

EX: C Night Light. Digital image. Taringa.net. Web. <http://k40.kn3.net/taringa/1/1/9/8/3/7/13/jlcortazar/1C5.jpg?8150>.

During the popular Renaissance Times, there formed a word which establishes the meaning of
Light&Dark importance in a piece of artwork which gives its value thru dimension an depth,
is called Chiaroscuro. As u can see in (D), this technique is applied.

EX: D Morning Trees. Digital image. Flickr.com. Web. <http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2239/1933750087_84c2ec195c_z.jpg>.

EX: E Atmospheric Perspective. Digital image. Activerain.com. Web. <http://activerain.com/image_store/uploads/6/6/6/6/5/ar129986534256666.jpg>

Another technique is used called Aerial Perspective or Atmospheric Perspective.

Were in example (E) u can see this technique being presented in the way the Stone in the foreground
is sharp detail an closure with its Value applied. As the rest of the stone  mountains seems to get more
faded in value the further away they perceive to look in the distance.

CHAPTER 11: Illusion of Motion!

In this CHAPTER of my Personal Textbook/Blog

we will explore the Illusion of Motion, where in many designs or paintings.

The artist shows action an reactions, as well as communicate verbs of "Doing" 

thru stillness frames of work. 

This 1st Design Element of STILLNESS/ARRESTED MOTION.

Where in these few examples, U can see the stillness of a piece an the motion of a piece.In Example (A), (B)

EX: A AirForce. Digital image. John2031.com. Web. <http://www.john2031.com/photos/grumman/f9f-cougar/00-ai7.jpg>.

EX: B Amazon Waterfalls. Digital image. Tipsweb.org. Web. <http://tipsweb.org/wp-content/gallery/waterfalls/waterfalls-6.jpg>.

Through Various Illusions of Motion there are many to enlighten ya artistic mind.
Such as KINESTHETIC EMPATHY 
Which is basically the movement of Motion as like the dancing,
The feel, the action, the way the body is displayed thru dancing.
Such as Example C, where u can see this sculpture made of different wiring,
posed in a unique way as to portray a form of dancing, in other words.. an Illusion of Motion.

EX: C Wired Dancer. Digital image. Personal.psu.edu. Web. <http://www.personal.psu.edu/bxb11/MI/400px-Bliss_Dancer.jpg>.

 Another is, ANTICIPATED MOVEMENT.
With this form of design it basically is created in away to show movement an action
In a design, painting, or sculpture.
Such as the Thee example D, below it shows an rough model of an animated character
in motion, showing the desired path of movement thee animator want to take it.
Just want to take time an tell you why i chose this particular picture to display as 

my example,  because I'm aiming to be in the Animation/CGI career field.
An this is a perfect still photo of a possible shot i would have to lap an re-dress
or even a future idea for me to use when I'm cramming for an idea.

EX: D Animated Stance. Digital image. Sessions.edu. Web. <http://images.sessions.edu/courses/charanim10.jpg>

Using a device of motion called 
employs the notion of reusing the same image or person, to tell a story
or relay a message thru the artwork or design.
 I had to use the Calvin & Hobbes Comic Strip
because I use to glance at it, from a posted strip on my old high school Art teachers
room wall. An it was Hilarious, an I found it thru the net again,
An kinda contribute my meaning an her support on me being a Good Artist,
and hoping I do something with it an take it somewhere.
SO here is an Example of REPEATED FIGURE. In Example E,

EX: E Watterson, Bill. Calvin & Hobbes. Digital image. Wherethewind.com. Web. <http://wherethewind.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/calvinandhobbes.png>.

BLURRED OUTLINES, can also show motion an movement.
As looking thru a camera, taking a shot of an object in motion.
Before digital technology became more advance, back in the 19-20th century
the cameras that where used would capture movement with blurred outlines.
Such as in Example F, here we see a canine in motion. With the way the photo
developed with blurred lines It shows how fast the dog is moving.
As to be going at high speed chase. Thus showing us an Illusion of Movement with in
an image, design, artwork or Picture.

EX: F Rowse, Darren. Dog at Top Speed. Digital image. Digital-photography-school.com. Web. <http://digital-photography-school.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/08/blurred-2.jpg>.

With Multiple images, shown in (G )which shows lines of force.
You can see how the many images of the arm an leg shows movement from
one position to another. Giving u thee illusion on this still picture,
of how a dancer dances

EX: G Mili, Gjon. Illusion Dancer. Digital image. Allposters.com. Web. <http://imgc.allpostersimages.com/images/P-473-488-90/27/2781/SEOTD00Z/posters/gjon-mili-multiple-exposure-of-an-arm-movement-made-by-dancer-patricia-mcbride.jpg>.

CHAPTER X: Illusion of SPACE!

In this Chapter, we will explore the of Illusion in 2-d artwork an design

which translate into 3-Dimensional work.

Giving a sense of depth of an atmosphere with in a painting, artwork, design piece.

Where many Artist since the days of Old have been experimenting

with using different views an techniques to relay this illusion of space.

Giving there work a sense of more realism an fullness.

Here are sum Examples of Nature artwork giving a more depth an space

to that area. As U can see in example (A)

How the artist makes the house seem further away into the horizon,

as the hills seem further away shaping the horizon, while the gate appears in its angle.

More close, giving u the understanding of how much land this house sits on.

EX: A Stanton, Frank. House on the Praire. Digital image. Thegraveyardrabbit.com. Web. <https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM7Iyc0mq2ZB_eL4Apn_SqxQDrS_zVwM7d7aTpdhQ8u4WPt9hjAdbPVtygyt526oYwtH0rq6eoWCOfQ6ptVFxaxhxbtuhpI-47iFSn_LCIcxbqQBlSpIh_HeQjIGZXYCApWghlEBQ3wNk/s400/picture5.jpg>.

AS well as in (B), below u can see how the picture plane gives thee illusion of the water going deeper into the foreground. as the houses show depth an 2-point perspective. With the foreshortening technique, giving the essence of depth&space. with the birds flying making those in front bigger

an those flying further back smaller, to show distance with in the picture.

As well as the mountains in the background giving a wide range of atmosphere with the forest in the background.

EX: B . Asian Seashore. Digital image. Suzikline.net. Web. <http://www.suzikline.net/images/artwork.jpg>.

With SIZE, using to show space thee effect varies.

In the Next example we notice how the design is using a Spatial Effect.

In (C), you examine how in the foreground the object structure seems on a large

scale from the size of the people on the ground to the left of the picture.

But when Looking in the background seeing the Creature in larger scale

it effects the value of one object to the next.

So there are 3 scale structures of Size with in this pic.

small, medium, large. Also, being on an exaggerated scale.

EX: C Monster Mad. Digital image. Gamekult.com. Web. <http://images.static-bluray.com/reviews/1443_3.jpg>.

Now with a term called Overlapping, its used to create an illusion of space an depth.

EX: D SHore Town. Digital image. Jungny.com. Web. <http://www.jungny.com/images.jungian.therapy.analysis/canaletto%20445x377.jpg>.

From back ground to foreground. In (D) U can see how this pic create a spatial effect from the people at the bottom to the buildings in the middle, onto the water an boats going further back to more buildings in the far background. Showing another term called Vertical Location, where in a vertical way the background separates from the foreground showing depth in a spatial effect.

     With Aerial Perspective, or atmospheric using color of value,or black&white contrast to show depth with shadows from dark in the foreground recedes to lighter grey to white in the background the further away the figures in the picture gets. As u can see in (E), 

EX: E Blue Mountains. Digital image. Explore-drawing-and-painting.com. Web. <http://www.explore-drawing-and-painting.com/images/aerial-perspective-1.jpg>.

Thru Linear Perspective, artist using the focus of a Vanishing point.

To create artwork, that start upfront an reseeds into the distance as the plain an the sky seems to meet going further in the distance called a Horizon Line.

As U can see in Example (F), shows a picture in 1-point perspective.

(G) shows 2-point perspective, (H) shows 3 points perspective.

EX: F Church Hallways. Digital image. Artlex.com. Web. <http://www.getty.edu/art/exhibitions/geometry/images/linear_perspective.jpg>.

EX: G 2 Point Perspective. Digital image. Piaart.wordpress.com. Web. <http://piaart.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/perspective-street_corner1.jpeg>.

EX: H 3point Perspective. Digital image. Loserninja.deviantart.com. Web. <http://fc04.deviantart.net/fs18/f/2007/188/b/e/Castle_in_3_point_perspective_by_loserninja.jpg>.

EX: I Multi-perspective. Digital image. Drawer888.deviantart.com. Web. <http://fc00.deviantart.net/fs71/i/2011/123/5/8/abstract_perspective_drawing_by_drawer888-d3fjfsn.jpg>.

CHAPTER 9: Pattern & Texture

In this chapter we will explore the various ways of PATTERN & TEXTURE,
An how they help to define artwork an design in there own unique way.
From using pattern designs for layering objects,furniture,buildings.
to graphic designs, paintings, an sculptures, etc.,
Pattern is defined mostly by clothing an designs with/on garments.
But in our sense its showing repetition in a piece of work.
it clearly has deeper roots, even tho it mostly refer to superficial ideas of decorating.
Patterns begin with a unit or shape that is repetitive, from artwork to designers garments, even on architectural buildings.
Thru Order an Variety most patterns can be reduced to a Grid of sum sort.
As thru tiles, an window decorated glass, as seen in church tapestry.
as seen in example (A)..

EX: A Zash. Church Window Design. Digital image. Dreamstime.com. Web. <http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/thumblarge_431/1251193243zKr01a.jpg>.

As with TEXTURE, which appeals to our sense of touch an feeling of an object.
There's texture in Craft forms, Sculptures, buildings, cloth.
Patterns are relayed thru our sense of sight, Texture is felt.
So even tho every texture makes a sort of pattern, not every pattern could be considered a texture.
In the below examples, are texture cloth with there own pattern scheme,
as u see the wool material in various shades of green in (B).
Same as in (C), as u can see the patterns with in the textured cloth of this
decorative tablecloth.

EX: B GREEN CLOTH. Digital image. Knittingknonsense.com. Web. <http://www.knittingknonsense.com/BeeStitchCloth.jpg>

 

EX: C TABLE CLOTH. Digital image. En.wikipedia.org. Web. <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Table-cloth_2008-1.jpg>.

But there are 2 kinds of  artistic texture: TACTICAL & VISUAL.

Thru Architect an Sculpting You can see what is known as Tactical texture, 

which can be felt an touched.

Such as those, difference between a panting on canvas where u can touch an feel the broad strokes of the paint an the thickness of each color being used, also murals on brick or stone or any kinda hard rock-like surface. Compared to a painting on screen or now digital.

Lotta pattern & Textured art are used thru the Age old form of COLLAGE.

AS u can see in thee example below in (D), are artist works on texture collages,

U can see Mario is made up of multiple pieces of color paper an clips.

EX: D Super Mario. Digital image. Destructoid.com. Web. <http://bulk.destructoid.com/ul/134988-art-attack-friday-chris-j-lange-s-nintendo-collages/mario-620x.jpg>.

There is a way artist, create paintings with objects that we would normally know thru feel of there texture. This is called verisimilitude. Thru visual texture, where we can see an object that appears to have texture to our eyesight. Which you can see in thee next example (F), Where the painting of the fruit shows to have texture of actual fruit.

As if the artist took a photography of the fruit layout. Instead of using paint to recreate the "Look" an Texture of the produce.

EX: F Fruit Painting. Digital image. Oceansbridge.com. Web. <http://www.oceansbridge.com/paintings/collections/chinese-art/big/Fruit_JianJun_Luo.jpg>.

CHAPTER 8: SHAPES

In this Chapter we will explore the fundamentals of SHAPE with in design an artwork.
Better defined as a visually distinguished created either by outlines or by color.
Thru shape perception is thee ability to be able to recognize figures from ground,
showing that SHAPE is a defining element. Showing a simple contrast between a lighter color against a darker color, like the letters that are being typed on this blog against a different color background.
Your able to see the shape of the letter, helping u to distinguish one from another.
As shown in figure (A), u can see how shapes form to display a recognizable character, also using color..

EX:-A- 2012 Bubble. Digital image. Colourbox.com. Web. <http://www.colourbox.com/preview/2950086-134035-3d-new-year-2012-shape-on-black-and-white-background.jpg>

For most, Shapes are usually a 2-D element with in artwork and design.
But with in the 3-D aspect, the terms Volume & Mass are applied.
Basically to sum up, painting have shapes an sculptures have mass.
As seen in the sculpture in (B)..

EX:-B- Quinn, Marc. WHite Sphinx. Digital image. Vogue.co.uk. Web. <http://cdni.condenast.co.uk/240x360/k_n/kmossMarcQuinnSwhiteB.jpg>.

 

 

Thru exaggerated shapes, NATURALISM is manifested.

With DISTORTION effect, shapes are exaggerated in a playful manner.

Such technique is used by Caricaturist who create Caricatures.

Tho they twist an stretch, thus altering a person features. 

The main parts of the character remains true to show distinctive details for a viewer to recognize an see who that picture is resembling. As seen in (C) of a Caricature..Can u guess who that pic is of, before looking at the photo's caption?

 

EX: -C- Robin Williams. Digital image. Binscorner.com. Web. <http://static.binscorner.com/n/new-funny-caricatures-of-famous-people/128671706798.jpg>.

Distortion an Expression,

Also stretch shapes for more then a humorous caricature purpose,

Mostly use to emphasis the designers point of interest to get it across to the viewer.

But there is another type of specific artistic distortion called IDEALISM.

 This form, reproduce the world not as so, but seemingly the way society of generations view in saying how they believe it to be.

A form of this is seen in fig. (D) 

EX:-D- Gonzalez, A. Angel Flurish. Digital image. Http://ursispaltenstein.ch/blog/images/uploads_img/a_gonzalez.jpg. Web. <http://ursispaltenstein.ch/blog/images/uploads_img/a_gonzalez.jpg>.

 Another specific kinda artistic distortion is called ABSTRACTION,

since no artist cant recreate nature or human figure to its genuine perfection, any artwork can be called abstract. But mostly this term is referred to projects which

has been toned down to its simplest form an shown its important shapes to relay the final project. Many use abstract for more intense or subtle effect.

Here is an examples of abstract work as seen in (E)

EX:-E- Colors in Design. Digital image. Albaniapress.com. Web. <http://www.albaniapress.com/fotot/lajme_foto/jan_10/4907941.jpg>

 Now in the form of NON-OBJECTIVE artwork.

This term better suites works of art work that represent Pure Forms an shapes.

Where in this picture below in, (F) you can see the objects an shapes not forming

anything of regular or exact geometrical size. But, more exaggerated thru

the artist mind bringing this abstract painting to a different sense of uniqueness.

As also seen in a style called CURVILINEAR design. Where thee artwork presents more of a curved design instead of straighter line. Shown in (G)..

EX:-F- Stephan, Gary. Chimes. Digital image. Artween.com. Web. <http://www.artween.com/var/artween/storage/images/galleries/wendt-gallery/non-objective-or-not-dialogues-in-modernism/chimes/754396-1-eng-US/Chimes_reference.jpg>

 

 

EX:-G- Kinetic Design. Digital image. Rubensteinstudios.com. Web. <http://www.rubensteinstudios.com/images/projects_sm/Infinity%20Front%2072dpi.jpg>.

 

 Most of these Curved-style artwork was more presented in the late 19th century form of artwork called Art Nouveau. Which put more emphasis on curvy lines an shapes within an artist artwork or painting. Now thee opposite of this style would be considered, straight edges an lines forming more of rectangles an squares, better known as RECTILINEAR.

 But when dealing with another form of SHAPES there are POSITIVE & NEGATIVE Shapes,

which would cause the main focal point of an object within the artwork to be the positive shape, an the emptiness within the background to become the negative, since its open an nothing is taking up its space besides the fore-mention object.

Here's an example of positive&negative in a design piece, as seen in (H)..

AS u can see the Plane in a white positive light, an the black in the background is considered the negative space. Also with positive an negative spaces using the format of isolation or integration, helps to Frame a picture or artwork better to see a more vivid

picture as a whole, instead of objects just placed anywhere on the canvas.

 

EX:-H- Cass, Jacob. Bomber Plane. Digital image. Layersmagazine.com. Web. <http://media.kelbymediagroup.com/layersmagazine/images/tutorials/design/photoshop/57/figc.jpg>.

CHAPTER 7: Line

In this Chapter we will explore the concept of LINES in design&Artwork.

Now, What is a LINE? from One-point to another in width an Length is the marking of a

Drawing utensil. But, It can stop short, or go on for as long as the creator desires.

Line is used in various different ways.

From artwork, to graphic design, to markings of letter an writing,

constructing of physical objects an buildings. Lines also Convey Mood or feelings, While designing Shape an Form. One way of Defining a Line movement is CROSS CONTOUR, which define boundaries of a cross section in 3-D form. As Scene in Example (A)..

EX:-A- South, Helen. HAND Cross. Digital image. Tewisnostnys.wapdale.com. Web. <http://static.wix.com/media/ef2bcc31a5aa09d9899a89609aca2356.wix_mp>.

Another form of lining is called, IMPLIED LINES. Which is formed by positioning points to automatically draws the viewers eye to them. As like seeing an object or architectural structure, showing a line segment with or with out a "BLACK" drawn outline to show u the straight line. AS shown in (B)..

EX:-B- Flower Face. Digital image. Lnhsgraphicdesign1.pbworks.com. Web. <http://lnhsgraphicdesign1.pbworks.com/f/1284145831/MGrove%20Implied%20Lines%20Art.png>.

 Another to examine, is called PSYCHIC LINES. Used mostly in artwork or designs where a person or figure in thee artwork is looking toward another object,person or figure with in thee artwork. Drawing the viewers eye from Point to Point to Point. depending on how many psychic lines are being displayed. Another example of this is shown in (C)..

EX:-C- DaVinci, Leonardo. The Last Supper. Digital image. Ciaccess.com. Web. <http://www.ciaccess.com/~toveza/lastsupperleonardo.jpg>.

 Here you can see a famous well-known painting using psychic lines.

In this Leonardo DaVinci painting of "The Last Supper". You can see how thee apostles

eyes lead toward Jesus an also others who look at another. Those are a great example of Psychic lines, as you look at one person, you see him looking in another direction an u follow that eye direction to find him looking at another person or object.

  In any type of drawing, there are 2 that it would fall under a category.

CONTOUR & GESTURE.

CONTOUR DRAWING, is when Lines are used to follow a form an show u what the result object is thru thee outline drawn. Which is the most commonly used form in drawing&design. Here is an example of contour drawing in (D)..

EX:-D- Zhiyang, Rong. Clerks Room. Digital image. Rongzhiyang.com. Web. <http://rongzhiyang.com/images/ConceptArt/Old Phone Repair Shop 01.jpg>.

GESTURE DRAWING, doesn't really rely on the shapes or objects being presented.

it tends to move in a motion freely with form showing the dynamics of the desired artwork.

Its usually done in a spontaneous matter, to capture the essence of the artist flow as his mind creates an his hand moves about with ease. Instead of, visualizing an drawing a specific shape,form,figure.

It would be more presented with less of an outlined.

Here is an example in (E)..

EX:-E- Pratt, George. Soldiers. Digital image. Illustration academy.com. Web. <http://illustrationacademy.com/new/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/_mg_0013-version-2-500x332.jpg>

While creating various line drawing an types, many may use them to emphasis such aspects of line work such as Volume. Also to express mood an motion, using them to create a sense of Darkness an Light forming around or shadowing an object. Most technique used to display this is called Cross hatching, for shading an to display a broad sense of value. As shown in (F) of how this is applied to shading lines, in this picture constructed of John Lennon.

EX:-F- John Lennon. Digital image. Trepacoqueiro.estarreja.net. Web. <http://fc01.deviantart.net/fs23/f/2008/009/d/9/John_Lennon_in_Crosshatching_by_ReAnim8or.jpg>

Another well-known form of line usage is called LOST&FOUND Lines.

Where the artist only gives u enough info to reveal the outline or figure being presented in the art work. Term used as "Now u see it, Now u don't" maneuver.Where the artist lose sum of thee artwork in the shadows by shading implying a light source is present.

As seen in (G)..

EX:-G- Dark-Lightman. Digital image. Artbeyondsight.org. Web. <http://www.artbeyondsight.org/img/theoryarticle/darklightman.jpg>.